Composition of drilling equipment

1. Composition of lifting system: Derrick, winch, traveling system, steel wire rope, overhead crane, traveling block, and hook; Function: Running drilling tools, running casing, controlling drill bits and drilling tools.
2. Rotary system composition: rotary table, square drill pipe, drill string faucet, top drive system, downhole power drilling tools, etc. Function: Drive drilling tools, drill bits, etc. to rotate and break rocks, load and unload drilling tool threads, and perform special operations (connecting lifting and mud circulation systems).
3. Composition of the circulating system: vibrating screen, sand remover, and mud remover. Function: circulating mud fluid
4. Power system composition: electric motor and diesel engine, etc. Function: Drive the operation of working machines such as winches, turntables, and drilling pumps.
5. Transmission system composition: reducer, clutch, shaft, chain, etc. Function: The main task of the transmission system is to transfer and distribute the energy of the engine to various working machines. Due to the difference between the characteristics of the engine and the requirements of the working machine, it is required that the transmission system must include mechanisms such as deceleration, parallel operation, reverse rotation, and variable speed. Sometimes, in addition to mechanical transmission, hydraulic or electric transmission devices are also required.
6. Control system composition: computer, sensors, signal transmission medium, control execution mechanism, etc. Function: Manipulate the coordination of various systems. According to the requirements of drilling technology, ensure that each working machine operates quickly, accurately and reliably, and is convenient for centralized control and automatic recording. Enable operators to ensure the safety or normal operation of various components of the drilling rig according to their own wishes.
7. Base composition: The drilling rig base is mainly composed of a drill floor base, a pump base, and a dual main auxiliary equipment base. It is generally welded with steel pipes. Function: It facilitates the installation of various equipment for fixed drilling rigs, meeting the requirements of relocation or whole towing construction. Deep well drilling rigs should also be conducive to the installation of wellhead blowout prevention facilities and facilitate personnel operation and maintenance.
8. Modern drilling rigs must also have a set of auxiliary equipment, such as power supply, gas supply, water supply, oil supply, equipment storage, anti spray and fire prevention facilities, drilling fluid preparation, storage, processing facilities, and various instruments and automatic recording instruments. In remote areas, drilling requires facilities for staff to live and rest, and communication equipment such as telephones, radios, and walkie talkies are needed for communication. Drilling in cold areas requires heating and insulation equipment.