Classification and working principle of water well drilling rigs

What is a water well drilling rig? Simply put, a water well drilling rig is a mechanical device that drills water wells and completes underground pipelines, well cleaning, etc., including power equipment and drill bits, drill rods, core pipes, drill frames, etc. The following is a brief introduction to the classification and working principle of water well drilling machines, as well as the correct use of water well drilling machines.
Mechanism of water well drilling rig
1. Hydraulic oil pump: It is a dual type large capacity pump that provides power to the power head. The small displacement pump provides power for the quadruped cylinder, landing mast cylinder, and force/lift cylinder.
2. Four legs: Small drilling equipment consists of hydraulic cylinders and fixed frames. You can adjust the height of your body at the workplace to support and stabilize your body.
3. Mast: A frame structure welded with giant steel pipes, channel steel, and angle steel. The inner grooves of the channel steel on both sides are used as power heads to run up and down to ensure the verticality of the holes. The undulation of the well mast is completed by hydraulic cylinders.
4. Power head: The mechanism using a gear reducer has a large diameter spindle in the middle of the low-speed shaft. The upper end of the spindle can be connected to the hose interface of the concrete pouring equipment to inject concrete; The lower end of the spindle is connected to the drill pipe and drill bit through a blue plate. The high-speed shaft is driven by a high torque hydraulic motor.
Water well drilling rig system
1. Power system, equipment that provides energy for the entire drilling rig;
2. Work system, equipment that works according to process requirements;
3. Transmission system, equipment for transmitting, transmitting, and distributing energy to work units;
4. Control system, controlling each system and equipment, coordinating and accurately working according to process requirements;
5. Auxiliary system, equipment that assists the main system in its operation.
Classification and working principle of water well drilling rigs
Water well drilling platforms can be divided into three categories: rotary water well drilling platforms, impact water well drilling platforms, and composite water well drilling platforms. The former can be subdivided into: large and small cone drilling machines, positive and negative circulation rotary drilling machines, hydraulic power head drilling machines, and underground impact rotary drilling machines.
Working principle of rotary water well drilling rig
The rotary water well drilling rig mainly relies on the rotational motion of the drilling tool to break the rock layer into holes. Usually, there are large and small cone drilling machines, positive and negative circulation rotary drilling machines, hydraulic power head drilling machines, and underground vibration rotary drilling machines. A simple rotary drilling rig only has a drilling device, while a well structured rotary drilling rig has two parts: a drilling device and a circulating well cleaning device. The drilling tools of a rotary water well drilling rig include drill rods and drill bits. The nominal diameters of commonly used drill pipes are 60, 73, 76, 89102, and 114 mm. Drill bits are divided into two types: full drill bits and ring drill bits.
Small and large pot cones use a pot cone drill to rotate the soil layer. According to the size of the drill bit, they are called large pot cones and small pot cones, which can be driven by humans or power.
A rotary drilling rig is commonly used for washing rotary drilling rigs with both forward and reverse circulation mud. The rotary drilling rig is composed of a tower, winch, turntable, drilling tools, mud pump, faucet, and electric motor. Engine. During operation, the power machinery drives the turntable through a gearbox, and the active drill rod drives the drill bit to rotate the broken rock layer at a speed of 30-90rpm. A gas rotary drilling rig is an air compressor, not a mud pump on the rotary drilling rig, but uses compressed air instead of mud to clean the well. Usually, the reverse circulation method, also known as gas lift reverse circulation, is also used. That is to say, compressed air is sent into the gas-water mixing chamber in the well through the gas supply pipeline, and mixed with the water flow in the drill pipe to form an inflatable water flow with a specific gravity less than 1. Under the gravitational force around the drill pipe, the aerated water flowing in the annular water column continuously rises and leaves the well, flowing into the sedimentation tank, and the water flow after sedimentation returns to the well. The way of self mobility. Using this type of drilling rig, when the well depth is very deep (over 50 meters), the chip removal capacity is greater than the pump's displacement or the reverse circulation of the jet, making it suitable for large drilling rig wells with water depth and water shortage areas, as well as frozen layers in frozen areas.